What Is an AV Graft (Arteriovenous Graft)?
An arteriovenous (AV) graft is a surgically implanted synthetic tube that connects an artery to a vein. It serves as a vascular access site for hemodialysis when a person’s veins are not suitable for creating an AV fistula. The graft allows healthcare providers to repeatedly access the bloodstream during dialysis treatments.
Although AV grafts are highly effective, they generally have a higher risk of infection and clotting than AV fistulas.
Why an AV Graft Matters
An AV graft provides dependable vascular access for individuals who require long-term hemodialysis but cannot receive an AV fistula because of small or damaged veins.
Who May Need an AV Graft?
- People with end-stage kidney disease
- Individuals whose veins are unsuitable for an AV fistula
- Patients requiring long-term hemodialysis
Benefits of an AV Graft
- Reliable dialysis access
- Can often be used sooner than an AV fistula
- Suitable for individuals with small or weak veins
- Supports effective blood flow during dialysis
Possible Complications
- Blood clots
- Infection
- Reduced blood flow
- Bleeding
- Graft narrowing (stenosis)
How Home Care Can Help
Home care professionals inspect the graft site, monitor for signs of infection or clotting, reinforce proper graft care, educate individuals and caregivers, and report concerns to the healthcare provider promptly.
Home Care Tip
Protect your graft by avoiding heavy lifting, tight clothing, and blood pressure measurements on the affected arm unless instructed otherwise by your healthcare provider.
Frequently Asked Questions About an AV Graft
How is an AV graft different from an AV fistula?
An AV fistula connects your own artery and vein directly, while an AV graft uses a synthetic tube to create the connection.
Can an AV graft become blocked?
Yes. Blood clots or narrowing of the graft can reduce blood flow and may require medical treatment.
Can home care help care for an AV graft?
Yes. Home care professionals help monitor the graft, reinforce proper care techniques, and recognize early signs of complications.
When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider
Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you notice swelling, redness, warmth, drainage, bleeding, severe pain, or if the thrill or bruit becomes absent or noticeably weaker.