What Is Osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis. It occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of bones gradually wears away, causing pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced joint movement. Osteoarthritis most commonly affects the knees, hips, hands, and spine.
Symptoms usually develop gradually and may worsen over time.
Why Osteoarthritis Matters
Osteoarthritis can affect mobility, independence, and quality of life. Early treatment and regular physical activity help reduce pain and slow functional decline.
Common Symptoms
- Joint pain during or after activity
- Morning stiffness lasting less than 30 minutes
- Reduced flexibility
- Swelling
- Grinding or clicking sensations
- Bone spurs
Risk Factors
- Older age
- Previous joint injuries
- Obesity
- Repetitive joint stress
- Family history
- Joint deformities
How Is Osteoarthritis Diagnosed?
Healthcare providers diagnose osteoarthritis through a physical examination, medical history, X-rays, and occasionally MRI to evaluate cartilage and surrounding tissues.
How Is Osteoarthritis Treated?
Treatment may include exercise, weight management, physical therapy, pain medications, joint injections, assistive devices, and joint replacement surgery for severe cases.
How Home Care Can Help
Home care professionals assist with mobility, exercise programs, medication reminders, household tasks, fall prevention, and daily activities while encouraging safe movement and independence.
Home Care Tip
Low-impact exercises such as walking, swimming, and gentle stretching help strengthen muscles that support your joints and reduce stiffness.
Frequently Asked Questions About Osteoarthritis
Can osteoarthritis be prevented?
Although it cannot always be prevented, maintaining a healthy weight, staying active, and protecting your joints may reduce your risk.
Does exercise make osteoarthritis worse?
No. Appropriate exercise is one of the most effective ways to reduce pain and improve joint function.
Can home care help someone with osteoarthritis?
Yes. Home care professionals support safe mobility, daily activities, exercise, medication management, and fall prevention.
When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider
Contact your healthcare provider if joint pain becomes severe, significantly limits your mobility, or is accompanied by redness, warmth, or sudden swelling.