What Is Conjunctivitis?
Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin, transparent membrane that covers the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelids. It may be caused by viral or bacterial infections, allergies, or exposure to irritants.
Most cases of conjunctivitis improve with appropriate treatment, although some forms are highly contagious.
Why Conjunctivitis Matters
Conjunctivitis can cause discomfort, blurred vision, and eye irritation. Identifying the underlying cause is important because treatment differs depending on whether the condition is viral, bacterial, allergic, or caused by an irritant.
Common Causes of Conjunctivitis
- Viral infections
- Bacterial infections
- Seasonal or environmental allergies
- Smoke or chemical irritants
- Contact lens misuse
Common Symptoms
- Red or pink eyes
- Itching or burning
- Watery eyes
- Eye discharge or crusting
- Swollen eyelids
- Sensitivity to light
- A gritty sensation in the eye
How Is Conjunctivitis Diagnosed?
Healthcare providers usually diagnose conjunctivitis through an eye examination and a review of symptoms. In certain cases, a sample of eye discharge may be collected to identify the cause.
How Is Conjunctivitis Treated?
Treatment depends on the cause. Bacterial conjunctivitis may require antibiotic eye drops or ointment, allergic conjunctivitis is often treated with allergy medications, and viral conjunctivitis usually improves with supportive care.
How Home Care Can Help
Home care professionals encourage good hand hygiene, assist with prescribed eye medications, monitor symptoms, reinforce infection prevention measures, and help prevent the spread of contagious forms of conjunctivitis.
Home Care Tip
Avoid touching or rubbing your eyes, and wash your hands frequently to reduce the spread of infection.
Frequently Asked Questions About Conjunctivitis
Is conjunctivitis always contagious?
No. Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis can be contagious, while allergic and irritant-related conjunctivitis are not.
Can I wear contact lenses if I have conjunctivitis?
No. Contact lenses should generally not be worn until the infection or inflammation has completely resolved and your healthcare provider advises it is safe.
Can home care professionals help someone with conjunctivitis?
Yes. Home care professionals can assist with medication administration, encourage proper hygiene, monitor symptoms, and help reduce the spread of infection.
When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider
Contact your healthcare provider if you experience severe eye pain, vision changes, increasing redness, significant swelling, or symptoms that do not improve with treatment.