What Is Cardiac Arrest?
Cardiac arrest is a life-threatening medical emergency that occurs when the heart suddenly stops beating effectively. As a result, blood flow to the brain and other vital organs stops almost immediately. Without prompt treatment, cardiac arrest can lead to death within minutes.
Immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the use of an automated external defibrillator (AED), when appropriate, greatly improve the chances of survival.
Why Cardiac Arrest Matters
Cardiac arrest is one of the leading causes of sudden death. Every minute without CPR or defibrillation significantly decreases the likelihood of survival.
Common Causes of Cardiac Arrest
- Coronary artery disease
- Heart attack
- Abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias)
- Heart failure
- Cardiomyopathy
- Severe electrolyte imbalances
- Trauma
- Drug overdose
Warning Signs
Cardiac arrest often occurs suddenly, but some people experience warning signs beforehand, including:
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Dizziness
- Heart palpitations
- Fainting
When cardiac arrest occurs, the person typically becomes:
- Unresponsive
- Not breathing normally or only gasping
- Without a detectable pulse
Emergency Treatment
- Call 911 or your local emergency services immediately.
- Begin CPR.
- Use an AED if one is available.
- Continue CPR until emergency medical personnel arrive.
How Home Care Can Help
Many home care professionals are trained to recognize cardiac emergencies, initiate emergency response procedures, begin CPR when appropriate, and provide immediate support until emergency medical services arrive.
Home Care Tip
Learning CPR and knowing where the nearest AED is located can make a life-saving difference during a cardiac emergency.
Frequently Asked Questions About Cardiac Arrest
Is cardiac arrest the same as a heart attack?
No. A heart attack occurs when blood flow to part of the heart is blocked. Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart suddenly stops pumping blood effectively. A heart attack can sometimes lead to cardiac arrest.
Can someone survive cardiac arrest?
Yes. Survival is possible, especially when CPR and defibrillation are started immediately and advanced medical care is provided quickly.
Can home care professionals respond to cardiac emergencies?
Many home care professionals receive emergency response training, including CPR, and can begin life-saving measures while waiting for emergency medical services.
When to Seek Emergency Medical Care
Call 911 or your local emergency services immediately if someone suddenly collapses, becomes unresponsive, stops breathing normally, or has no detectable pulse. Begin CPR immediately if you are trained or follow the emergency dispatcher’s instructions.