What Are Axillary Lymph Nodes?
Axillary lymph nodes are a group of lymph nodes located in the underarm (axilla). They are part of the lymphatic system and help filter lymph fluid, remove harmful substances, and support the body’s immune response. These lymph nodes also drain lymph from the arms, chest, upper back, and much of the breast tissue.
Swelling of the axillary lymph nodes may occur because of infection, inflammation, injury, or other medical conditions.
Why Axillary Lymph Nodes Matter
Axillary lymph nodes help the immune system identify and fight infections. They are also important in evaluating certain cancers, particularly breast cancer, because cancer cells may spread to nearby lymph nodes.
Common Causes of Swollen Axillary Lymph Nodes
- Viral infections
- Bacterial infections
- Skin infections
- Injuries to the arm or hand
- Autoimmune diseases
- Breast cancer
- Lymphoma
- Certain vaccinations
Common Symptoms
- Swelling under the arm
- Tenderness
- Pain
- Firm or enlarged lymph nodes
- Redness if infection is present
- Fever when associated with infection
How Are Axillary Lymph Nodes Evaluated?
Healthcare providers evaluate enlarged lymph nodes through a physical examination, ultrasound, mammography, blood tests, CT scans, MRI, or biopsy when necessary.
How Home Care Can Help
Home care professionals monitor swelling, assist with postoperative recovery after lymph node surgery, educate individuals about signs of infection, encourage good skin care, and report concerning changes to the healthcare team.
Home Care Tip
If you have had lymph nodes removed, protect the affected arm from cuts, burns, and infections to help reduce the risk of lymphedema.
Frequently Asked Questions About Axillary Lymph Nodes
Are swollen axillary lymph nodes always a sign of cancer?
No. Most swollen lymph nodes are caused by infections or inflammation. However, persistent or unexplained swelling should always be evaluated by a healthcare provider.
Can vaccinations cause swollen lymph nodes?
Yes. Some vaccines may temporarily cause swelling of nearby lymph nodes as part of the body’s normal immune response.
Can home care help after lymph node surgery?
Yes. Home care professionals assist with wound care, monitor healing, educate individuals about lymphedema prevention, and support recovery at home.
When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider
Contact your healthcare provider if a swollen lymph node persists for several weeks, continues to enlarge, becomes very painful, or is accompanied by unexplained weight loss, persistent fever, or night sweats.