What Is the Axillary Artery?
The axillary artery is the major blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the shoulder, upper arm, and surrounding tissues. It begins where the subclavian artery ends and continues until it becomes the brachial artery in the upper arm.
Because it supplies blood to much of the upper limb, injury or disease affecting the axillary artery can significantly reduce circulation to the arm.
Why the Axillary Artery Matters
The axillary artery provides essential oxygen and nutrients to the muscles, nerves, and tissues of the shoulder and upper extremity. Healthy blood flow is necessary for normal movement, healing, and tissue function.
Conditions Affecting the Axillary Artery
- Traumatic injury
- Aneurysm
- Arterial blockage
- Atherosclerosis
- Compression injuries
- Thoracic outlet syndrome
Common Symptoms of Axillary Artery Problems
- Arm pain
- Coldness in the arm or hand
- Weak or absent pulse
- Numbness or tingling
- Arm weakness
- Pale or bluish skin
How Are Axillary Artery Disorders Diagnosed?
Healthcare providers diagnose axillary artery disorders using a physical examination, Doppler ultrasound, CT angiography, MR angiography, conventional angiography, and vascular studies.
How Are Axillary Artery Disorders Treated?
Treatment depends on the underlying condition and may include medications, blood thinners, minimally invasive vascular procedures, surgery, or rehabilitation after injury.
How Home Care Can Help
Home care professionals monitor circulation, encourage medication adherence, support postoperative recovery, assist with mobility, educate individuals about protecting the affected arm, and report changes in circulation to the healthcare team.
Home Care Tip
Seek prompt medical attention if you notice sudden coldness, severe pain, numbness, or loss of pulse in your arm, as these may indicate reduced blood flow.
Frequently Asked Questions About the Axillary Artery
Where is the axillary artery located?
It runs through the underarm (axilla) and supplies blood to the shoulder and upper arm before becoming the brachial artery.
Can the axillary artery become blocked?
Yes. Injury, atherosclerosis, or blood clots may reduce or block blood flow through the artery.
Can home care help after vascular surgery?
Yes. Home care professionals support recovery, monitor circulation, encourage medication adherence, and assist with safe daily activities.
When to Seek Emergency Medical Care
Call emergency medical services immediately if you experience sudden severe arm pain, loss of pulse, cold or blue skin, or symptoms of significant reduced blood flow.