What Is an Antiviral?
An antiviral is a medication used to treat certain viral infections by preventing viruses from multiplying inside the body. Unlike antibiotics, which treat bacterial infections, antivirals are designed specifically to target viruses.
Antiviral medications can reduce the severity and duration of some viral illnesses, especially when treatment begins early.
Why Antivirals Matter
Viruses can cause illnesses ranging from mild infections to serious diseases. Antiviral medications help reduce complications, shorten recovery time for certain infections, and improve outcomes for individuals at higher risk of severe illness.
Common Conditions Treated with Antivirals
- Influenza (flu)
- COVID-19 in eligible individuals
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- Shingles (herpes zoster)
- HIV
- Hepatitis B
- Hepatitis C
Possible Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Dizziness
- Medication-specific side effects depending on the antiviral used
How Home Care Can Help
Home care professionals assist individuals by encouraging medication adherence, promoting hydration and nutrition, monitoring symptoms, reinforcing infection prevention measures, and reporting worsening symptoms to healthcare providers.
Home Care Tip
Many antiviral medications work best when started soon after symptoms begin. Contact your healthcare provider promptly if you think you may have a viral infection that requires treatment.
Frequently Asked Questions About Antivirals
Do antivirals cure viral infections?
Some antivirals can eliminate certain viruses, while others control viral activity, reduce symptoms, or lower the risk of complications.
Can antibiotics treat viral infections?
No. Antibiotics treat bacterial infections and are not effective against viruses.
Can home care help during recovery from a viral illness?
Yes. Home care professionals provide medication support, monitor symptoms, encourage hydration, assist with daily activities, and promote safe recovery at home.
When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider
Contact your healthcare provider if your symptoms worsen, you develop difficulty breathing, persistent high fever, dehydration, or severe medication side effects.